It is a digging and carrying device which picks up its own
load by scraping the ground, and transports it to site. After discharging the
material it spreads the same over the desired area and returns to the pit site
for scraping the next load. It consists essentially of a large scoop with a
cutting edge. The scoop is a bucket or shallow container of steel known as bowl
or body.
It is this bowl or body which excavates, transports and
dumps the material, where required. Scoop is designed to excavate, load and
transport the material over a relatively
short distance upto about 450 meters or half
kilometer. The cutting edge of this scoop excavates the earth and the excavated material is
collected in the body of the scraper
through the body from the front gate of the bucket. This material is discharged
at the site from the rear gate of the bucket. Thus this machine is the most
economical and useful for earthwork operation of a project as it is self-
operating to the extent of loading, hauling and discharging material at the
site.
Three types of scrapers are available
Towed Scrapers – these consist of four wheeled scraper bowl
which is towed behind a power unit such as a crawler tractor
Three Axle Scrapers – these consist of a two wheeled scraper
bowl which may have a rear engine to assist the four wheeled traction engine
which makes up the complement.
Two Axle Scrapers – these have a two wheeled scraper bowl
with an attached two wheeled power unit.
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